Polynomial Parity Argument

См. также в других словарях:

• PPA — Participatory Poverty Assessment (Governmental » US Government) **** Polyphthalamide (Miscellaneous » Plastics) *** Professional Photographers Association (Business » Accounting) * Provisional Patent Application (Governmental » US Government) *… …   Abbreviations dictionary

• PPAD (complexity) — PPAD is a complexity class, standing for Polynomial Parity Arguments on Directed graphs . Introduced by Christos Papadimitriou in 1994, PPAD is a subclass of TFNP based on functions that can be shown to be total by a parity argument. [cite… …   Wikipedia

• Evenness of zero — The number 0 is even. There are several ways to determine whether an integer is even or odd, all of which indicate that 0 is an even number: it is a multiple of 2, it is evenly divisible by 2, it is surrounded on both sides by odd integers, and… …   Wikipedia

• Permutation — For other uses, see Permutation (disambiguation). The 6 permutations of 3 balls In mathematics, the notion of permutation is used with several slightly different meanings, all related to the act of permuting (rearranging) objects or values.… …   Wikipedia

• Determinant — This article is about determinants in mathematics. For determinants in epidemiology, see Risk factor. In linear algebra, the determinant is a value associated with a square matrix. It can be computed from the entries of the matrix by a specific… …   Wikipedia

• Rotation matrix — In linear algebra, a rotation matrix is a matrix that is used to perform a rotation in Euclidean space. For example the matrix rotates points in the xy Cartesian plane counterclockwise through an angle θ about the origin of the Cartesian… …   Wikipedia

• Riemann hypothesis — The real part (red) and imaginary part (blue) of the Riemann zeta function along the critical line Re(s) = 1/2. The first non trivial zeros can be seen at Im(s) = ±14.135, ±21.022 and ±25.011 …   Wikipedia

• Pascal's triangle — The first six rows of Pascal s triangle In mathematics, Pascal s triangle is a triangular array of the binomial coefficients in a triangle. It is named after the French mathematician, Blaise Pascal. It is known as Pascal s triangle in much of the …   Wikipedia

• Particle in a spherically symmetric potential — In quantum mechanics, the particle in a spherically symmetric potential describes the dynamics of a particle in a potential which has spherical symmetry. The Hamiltonian for such a system has the form:hat{H} = frac{hat{p}^2}{2m 0} + V(r)where m 0 …   Wikipedia

• Proofs of Fermat's theorem on sums of two squares — Fermat s theorem on sums of two squares asserts that an odd prime number p can be expressed as: p = x^2 + y^2with integer x and y if and only if p is congruent to 1 (mod 4). The statement was announced by Fermat in 1640, but he supplied no proof …   Wikipedia

• Natural proof — In computational complexity theory, a natural proof is a certain kind of proof establishing that one complexity class differs from another one. While these proofs are in some sense natural , it can be shown (assuming a widely believed conjecture… …   Wikipedia